The Hon’ble Prime Minister launched the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), a Scheme of Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) on Janjatiya Gaurav Divas on 15th November, 2023 at Khunti District of Jharkhand. The Mission is aimed at targeted development of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) residing in 18 States including 1 Union Territory. The vulnerable tribal group or PVTG (previously known as a Primitive tribal group), in the context of India, is a sub-classification of Scheduled Tribe or section of a Scheduled Tribe, that is considered more vulnerable than a regular Scheduled Tribe and they are residing in 16 States of the country. The Dhebar Commission (1960-1961) found that within the Scheduled Tribe classification an inequality existed in the rate of development of certain tribes over others. As a result in the fourth Five Year Plan the sub-category "Primitive tribal group" was created within the grouping of Scheduled Tribe to identify groups considered to be especially lacking in modern development. The features of such a group include a pre-agricultural system of existence that is practice of hunting and gathering, zero or negative population growth, and extremely low levels of literacy in comparison with other tribal groups. Today a total 75 groups were identified as Primitive Tribal Group as per the recommendations. The PVTGs depend on various livelihoods such as food gathering, Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFP), hunting, livestock rearing, shifting cultivation and artisan works. Most of their livelihoods depend on the forest. The forest is their life and livelihood. They collect various NTFP items such as honey, gum, amla, bamboo, shrubs, fuel wood, dry leaves, nuts, sprouts, wax, medical plants, roots and tubes.
Objective
The major activities of the Institute include Training of Trainers, Management Development Programmes, Entrepreneurship-cum-Skill Development Programmes, Entrepreneurship Development Programmes and Cluster Intervention. The Core Objectives of the Institute are as follows:
- To train the 500 Trainers from reputed NGOs of JSS and MoTA from the respective districts for implementation of the project.
- To reach out to 42908 PVTG beneficiaries, promote cluster formation (PVTG-VDVKs), encourage MFP processing, agriculture and non-farm activities for income boost.
- Train and support PVTG-VDVKs, provide capacity building and promote value addition and entrepreneurship.
- Encourage farm / non-farm enterprise development, focus on traditional and diverse skills, meet the demands of the larger economy, and prioritize sustainability and eco-friendly practices.
- Advocacy and entrepreneurship awareness creation and livelihood generation activities among target groups.
- Skill Development & Enhancement as per the requirement of the people of PVTG community.
- Providing linkages with government schemes for starting their venture.
- Providing mentoring and handholding support to the target segment for setting up enterprises with the support of various schemes and programmes.
